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Identification of Plants in Plant
Genetic Conservation Project Using a DNA Fingerprinting Technique (AFLP)
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Nucleic acids
are important constituents of all living cells. There are two types of
nucleic acid in living organisms: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and
ribonucleic acid (RNA) . Genes are stored within organism as DNA and when
the gene is active it will be translated into RNA and finally protein.
DNA can
be used to determine genetic markers with molecular marker technologies. |
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Molecular markers
avoid many of the complication of environmental effects acting upon
characters by looking directly at variation controlled by genes or DNA.
New technological
developments have expanded the range of DNA polymorphism assays for genetic
mapping. This has allowed mapping to assist with plant breeding,
genome fingerprinting and for investigating genetic relatedness.
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RFLP ( Restriction
Fragment Length Ploymorphism )
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RAPD ( Random-amplified
Polymorphic DNA )
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AFLP ( Amplified Fragment
Length Ploymorphism )
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SSR ( Simple Seguence Repeat,
Microsatellite )
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To describe the applications of
molecular marker technologies for plant identification
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To reveal the differences between
plants at the genetic level
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To use mapping for plant improvement
- Detect somaclonal variation in the case of in vitro
micropropagation
- As certain the linkage between DNA markers and special
characters of plant species, such as disease resistance and insect
resistance.
- To help in the classical methods of estimating the genetic
diversity, using a powerful and rapid method to screen and select
germplasm within breeding programmes
- To collect DNA fingerprint data for legal and patent protection
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